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Sample Practice Test Questions
Which of the following is the formula for gravitational potential energy?
\(PE = mgh\)
Gravitational potential energy is energy by virtue of gravity. The higher an object is raised above a surface the greater the distance it must fall to reach that surface and the more velocity it will build as it falls. For gravitational potential energy, PE = mgh where m is mass (kilograms), h is height (meters), and g is acceleration due to gravity which is a constant (9.8 m/s2).
Which of the following is not true about both rectangles and squares?
the lengths of all sides are equal
A rectangle is a parallelogram containing four right angles. Opposite sides (a = c, b = d) are equal and the perimeter is the sum of the lengths of all sides (a + b + c + d) or, comonly, 2 x length x width. The area of a rectangle is length x width. A square is a rectangle with four equal length sides. The perimeter of a square is 4 x length of one side (4s) and the area is the length of one side squared (s2).
This property states taht the order of addition or multiplication does not mater. For example, 2 + 5 and 5 + 2 are equivalent.
commutative
The commutative property states that, when adding or multiplying numbers, the order in which they're added or multiplied does not matter. For example, 3 + 4 and 4 + 3 give the same result, as do 3 x 4 and 4 x 3.
The force amplification achieved by using a tool, mechanical device or machine system is called:
mechanical advantage
Mechanical advantage is a measure of the force amplification achieved by using a tool, mechanical device or machine system. Such a device utilizes input force and trades off forces against movement to amplify and/or change its direction.
fAdA = fBdB + fCdC
For this problem, this equation becomes:
50 lbs. x 10 ft. = 60 lbs. x 1 ft. + fC x 9 ft.
500 ft. lbs. = 60 ft. lbs. + fC x 9 ft.
fC = \( \frac{500 ft. lbs. - 60 ft. lbs.}{9 ft.} \) = \( \frac{440 ft. lbs.}{9 ft.} \) = 48.89 lbs.
Velocity is the rate at which an object changes position. What is the formula for velocity?
\(\vec{v} = { \vec{d} \over t } \)
Velocity is the rate at which an object changes position. Rate is measured in time and position is measured in displacement so the formula for velocity becomes \(\vec{v} = { \vec{d} \over t } \)
Which of the following allows current to pass easily in one direction and blocks current in the other direction?
diode
A diode allows current to pass easily in one direction and blocks current in the other direction. Diodes are commonly used for rectification which is the conversion of alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). Because a diode only allows current flow in one direction, it will pass either the upper or lower half of AC waves (half-wave rectification) creating pulsating DC. Multiple diodes can be connected together to utilize both halves of the AC signal in full-wave rectification.
Which of the following is not one of the outer planets?
Venus
In contrast to the solid terrestrial planets, the outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) consist of hydrogen and helium gas and water.
The sum of the voltage drops across each resistor in a __________ circuit will equal the total voltage applied to the circuit.
series
A series circuit has only one path for current to flow. In a series circuit, current (I) is the same throughout the circuit and is equal to the total voltage (V) applied to the circuit divided by the total resistance (R) of the loads in the circuit. The sum of the voltage drops across each resistor in the circuit will equal the total voltage applied to the circuit.