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Sample Practice Test Questions
The process of diffusion allows __________ to exchange oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between blood and the body's cells.
capillaries
Capillaries are small thin-walled vessels that permit the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between blood and the body's cells. This process of exchange is called diffusion.
Food is mixed with gastric acid and pepsin in the __________ to help break down protein.
stomach
Food is mixed with gastric acid and pepsin in the stomach to help break down protein.
This circuit component symbol represents a(n):
diode
A diode allows current to pass easily in one direction and blocks current in the other direction. Diodes are commonly used for rectification which is the conversion of alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). Because a diode only allows current flow in one direction, it will pass either the upper or lower half of AC waves (half-wave rectification) creating pulsating DC. Multiple diodes can be connected together to utilize both halves of the AC signal in full-wave rectification.
Reproductive haploids are also known as:
gametes
Reproductive (haploid) cells known as gametes have half as many (23) pairs of chromosomes as normal (diploid) cells. When the male gamete (sperm) combines with the female gamete (ovum) through meiosis to form a zygote, each gamete supplies half the chromosomes needed to form the normal diploid cells.
Elements that belong to the same period in the Periodic Table of the Elements have the same number of:
electron shells
The rows of the Periodic Table are called periods and contain elements that have the same number of electron shells ordered from lower to higher atomic number.
The rate of vibration of sound is called:
frequency
The rate of vibration of sound is called frequency and is measured in hertz (Hz). One hertz is one repetition per second and sounds with high frequency have a higher pitch than sounds with lower frequency. Humans can hear sounds in the range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz.
Which is the proper order of Earth's atmospheric layers from the surface up to space?
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere
The troposphere is the closest layer to Earth, followed by the stratosphere, mesosphere, and finally the thermosphere which borders space.
Which of the following regulates the flow of coolant through the radiator?
thermostat
The thermostat controls coolant (and, through it, engine) temperature by regulating the flow of coolant through the radiator. A bypass tube allows coolant to bypass the radiator and flow back into the water pump when its temperature is low enough that the thermostat is closed.
If the force applied at the blue arrow over 5 ft. moves the green box 2.5 ft., what is the mechanical advantage of this lever?
Mechanical advantage (MA) can be calculated knowing only the distance the effort (blue arrow) moves and the distance the resistance (green box) moves. The equation is:
MA = \( \frac{E_d}{R_d} \)
where Ed is the effort distance and Rd is the resistance distance. For this problem, the equation becomes:
MA = \( \frac{5 ft.}{2.5 ft.} \) = 2
You might be wondering how having an effort distance of 2 times the resistance distance is an advantage. Remember the principle of moments. For a lever in equilibrium the effort torque equals the resistance torque. Because torque is force x distance, if the effort distance is 2 times the resistance distance, the effort force must be \( \frac{1}{2} \) the resistance force. You're trading moving 2 times the distance for only having to use \( \frac{1}{2} \) the force.