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Sample Practice Test Questions
A block and tackle with four pulleys would have a mechanical advantage of:
4
Two or more pulleys used together constitute a block and tackle which, unlike a fixed pulley, does impart mechanical advantage as a function of the number of pulleys that make up the arrangement. So, for example, a block and tackle with three pulleys would have a mechanical advantage of three.
The work done by the sum of all forces acting on a particle equals the change in the kinetic energy of the particle. This defines which of the following?
work-energy theorem
The work-energy theorem states that the work done by the sum of all forces acting on a particle equals the change in the kinetic energy of the particle. Simply put, work imparts kinetic energy to the matter upon which the work is being done.
Connecting the 4 batteries in series multiplies their voltage while keeping their current the same yielding a 36V 25A configuration. Connecting the 4 batteries in parallel multiplies their current while keeping their voltage the same yieleding a 9V 100A configuration. Using a series-parallel connection, 2 batteries can be connected in series and 2 can be connected in parallel resulting in a 18V 50A configuration.
Which of the following surfaces would have the lowest coefficient of friction?
ice
Coefficient of friction (μ) represents how much two materials resist sliding across each other. Smooth surfaces like ice have low coefficients of friction while rough surfaces like concrete have high μ.
What is the primary difference between internal and external combustion engines?
where the power is developed
The primary difference between internal and external combustion engines lies in where the power is developed. In an internal combustion engine fuel is ignited and burned inside the same container where the power is developed while in an external combustion engine the fuel is ignited outside the engine and the resulting power sent to it.
Which of the following is sedimentary rock?
sandstone
The Earth's rocks fall into three categories based on how they're formed. Igneous rock (granite, basalt, obsidian) is formed from the hardening of molten rock (lava), sedimentary rock (shale, sandstone, coal) is formed by the gradual despositing and cementing of rock and other debris, and metamorphic rock (marble, slate, quartzite) which is formed when existing rock is altered though pressure, temperature, or chemical processes.
In the food chain, consumers are classified as which of the following?
all of these
Most animals consume other organisms to survive. Consumers (heterotrophs) are divided into three types, primary, secondary, and tertiary, based on their place in the food chain.
If the force applied at the blue arrow over 5 ft. moves the green box 2.5 ft., what is the mechanical advantage of this lever?
Mechanical advantage (MA) can be calculated knowing only the distance the effort (blue arrow) moves and the distance the resistance (green box) moves. The equation is:
MA = \( \frac{E_d}{R_d} \)
where Ed is the effort distance and Rd is the resistance distance. For this problem, the equation becomes:
MA = \( \frac{5 ft.}{2.5 ft.} \) = 2
You might be wondering how having an effort distance of 2 times the resistance distance is an advantage. Remember the principle of moments. For a lever in equilibrium the effort torque equals the resistance torque. Because torque is force x distance, if the effort distance is 2 times the resistance distance, the effort force must be \( \frac{1}{2} \) the resistance force. You're trading moving 2 times the distance for only having to use \( \frac{1}{2} \) the force.
Which of the following allows current to pass easily in one direction and blocks current in the other direction?
diode
A diode allows current to pass easily in one direction and blocks current in the other direction. Diodes are commonly used for rectification which is the conversion of alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). Because a diode only allows current flow in one direction, it will pass either the upper or lower half of AC waves (half-wave rectification) creating pulsating DC. Multiple diodes can be connected together to utilize both halves of the AC signal in full-wave rectification.