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Mechanical Comprehension

What is the mechanical advantage of this inclined plane if the length of the ramp is 24 ft. and the height of the green box is 8 ft.?

The mechanical advantage (MA) of an inclined plane is the effort distance divided by the resistance distance. In this case, the effort distance is the length of the ramp and the resistance distance is the height of the green box:

MA = \( \frac{d_e}{d_r} \) = \( \frac{24 ft.}{8 ft.} \) = 3

Word Knowledge

Although her stomach was in knots, the actress appeared perfectly composed when she took the stage.

serene

Calm.

Electronics Information

Which of these materials is not a good conductor of electricity?

air

All conductors have resistance and the amount of resistance varies with the element. In general, metals make the best conductors of electricity and non-metals make the worst conductors of electricity.

General Science

The coldest point in the Earth's atmosphere is reached in which atmospheric layer?

mesosphere

In the mesosphere, temperature again drops as altitude increases until the coldest point in the Earth's atmosphere, the mesopause, is reached where temperatures fall to −225 °F (−143 °C).

Arithmetic Reasoning

In a class of 24 students, 14 are taking German and 6 are taking Spanish. Of the students studying German or Spanish, 3 are taking both courses. How many students are not enrolled in either course?

The number of students taking German or Spanish is 14 + 6 = 20. Of that group of 20, 3 are taking both languages so they've been counted twice (once in the German group and once in the Spanish group). Subtracting them out leaves 20 - 3 = 17 who are taking at least one language. 24 - 17 = 7 students who are not taking either language.

Mechanical Comprehension

Assuming force applied remains constant, which of the following will result in more work being done?

moving the object farther

Work is accomplished when force is applied to an object: W = Fd where F is force in newtons (N) and d is distance in meters (m). Thus, the more force that must be applied to move an object, the more work is done and the farther an object is moved by exerting force, the more work is done.

General Science

Most digestion takes place where?

small intestine

The small intestine is where most digestion takes place. As food travels along the small intestine it gets broken down completely by enzymes secreted from the walls. These enzymes are produced in the small intestine as well as in the pancreas and liver. After the enzymes break down the food, the resulting substances are then absorbed into the blood via capillaries in the small intestine walls.

Mechanical Comprehension

If you lift a 30 lbs. rock 24 ft. from the ground, how much work have you done?

720 ft⋅lb

Work is force times distance. In this case, the force is the weight of the rock so:
\( W = F \times d \)
\( W = 30 \times 24 \)
\( W = 720 \)

Word Knowledge

The rancorous competition between the two chess clubs actually ended in a brawl.

bitter

Marked by deep ill–will.

Automotive Information

Which engine stroke starts with the piston at top dead center?

intake stroke

The four-stroke piston cycle of internal combustion engines starts with the piston at top of the cylinder head (top dead center or TDC) during the intake stroke. The piston moves downward in the cylinder creating a vacuum that pulls an air-fuel mix into the combustion chamber through the now open intake valve.