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Sample Practice Test Questions
In an electrical circuit, resistors have fixed or __________ resistance.
variable
Resistors are used to limit voltage and/or current in a circuit and can have a fixed or variable resistance. Variable resistors (often called potentiometers or rheostats) are used when dynamic control over the voltage/current in a circuit is needed, for example, in a light dimmer or volume control.
As a cold front moves into an area, the heavier cool air __________ the lighter warm air that it is replacing.
pushes under
A cold front is a warm-cold air boundary with the colder air replacing the warmer. As a cold front moves into an area, the heavier cool air pushes under the lighter warm air that it is replacing. The warm air becomes cooler as it rises and, if the rising air is humid enough, the water vapor it contains will condense into clouds and precipitation may fall.
A machine in a factory has an error rate of 6 parts per 100. The machine normally runs 24 hours a day and produces 5 parts per hour. Yesterday the machine was shut down for 6 hours for maintenance.
How many error-free parts did the machine produce yesterday?
The hourly error rate for this machine is the error rate in parts per 100 multiplied by the number of parts produced per hour:
\( \frac{6}{100} \) x 5 = \( \frac{6 \times 5}{100} \) = \( \frac{30}{100} \) = 0.3 errors per hour
So, in an average hour, the machine will produce 5 - 0.3 = 4.7 error free parts.
The machine ran for 24 - 6 = 18 hours yesterday so you would expect that 18 x 4.7 = 84.6 error free parts were produced yesterday.
You would measure the amount of voltage between two points in a circuit with a(n):
voltmeter
Voltage (V) is the electrical potential difference between two points. A voltmeter is used to measure the voltage between two points in a circuit.
Cooks are needed to prepare for a large party. Each cook can bake either 5 large cakes or 20 small cakes per hour. The kitchen is available for 2 hours and 26 large cakes and 480 small cakes need to be baked.
How many cooks are required to bake the required number of cakes during the time the kitchen is available?
If a single cook can bake 5 large cakes per hour and the kitchen is available for 2 hours, a single cook can bake 5 x 2 = 10 large cakes during that time. 26 large cakes are needed for the party so \( \frac{26}{10} \) = 2\(\frac{3}{5}\) cooks are needed to bake the required number of large cakes.
If a single cook can bake 20 small cakes per hour and the kitchen is available for 2 hours, a single cook can bake 20 x 2 = 40 small cakes during that time. 480 small cakes are needed for the party so \( \frac{480}{40} \) = 12 cooks are needed to bake the required number of small cakes.
Because you can't employ a fractional cook, round the number of cooks needed for each type of cake up to the next whole number resulting in 3 + 12 = 15 cooks.
The __________ is the smallest positive integer that is a multiple of two or more integers.
least common multiple
The least common multiple (LCM) is the smallest positive integer that is a multiple of two or more integers.