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Sample Practice Test Questions
Friction resists movement in a direction __________ to the movement.
opposite
Friction resists movement. Kinetic (also called sliding or dynamic) friction resists movement in a direction opposite to the movement. Because it opposes movement, kinetic friction will eventually bring an object to a stop. An example is a rock that's sliding across ice.
Which of the following is not a type of simple machine?
gear
The six types of simple machines are the lever, wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, wedge, and screw.
A joint created by welding is __________ the original metal.
as strong or stronger than
The joint created by welding is as strong or stronger than the original metal.
All electricity is the movement of which subatomic particles?
electrons
All electricity is the movement of electrons which are subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom. Electrons occupy various energy levels called shells and how well an element enables the flow of electrons depends on how many electrons occupy its outer (valence) electron shell.
In cell biology, where does DNA replication take place?
nucleus
The cell nucleus contains the genetic material of the cell and is where DNA replication takes place.
If the force applied at the blue arrow over 5 ft. moves the green box 2.5 ft., what is the mechanical advantage of this lever?
Mechanical advantage (MA) can be calculated knowing only the distance the effort (blue arrow) moves and the distance the resistance (green box) moves. The equation is:
MA = \( \frac{E_d}{R_d} \)
where Ed is the effort distance and Rd is the resistance distance. For this problem, the equation becomes:
MA = \( \frac{5 ft.}{2.5 ft.} \) = 2
You might be wondering how having an effort distance of 2 times the resistance distance is an advantage. Remember the principle of moments. For a lever in equilibrium the effort torque equals the resistance torque. Because torque is force x distance, if the effort distance is 2 times the resistance distance, the effort force must be \( \frac{1}{2} \) the resistance force. You're trading moving 2 times the distance for only having to use \( \frac{1}{2} \) the force.
The volt is a unit of measurement for:
voltage
Voltage (V) is the electrical potential difference between two points. Electrons will flow as current from areas of high potential (concentration of electrons) to areas of low potential. Voltage and current are directly proportional in that the higher the voltage applied to a conductor the higher the current that will result.