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Sample Practice Test Questions
A cylinders acts as a guide for a:
piston
Cylinders act as a guide for the pistons that translate the heat energy of combustion into the mechanical energy necessary to move a vehicle. Piston rings seal the piston to the cylinder to contain combustion gases and also regulate the oil distribution between the piston and cylinder wall. A cylinder head closes in the top of the cylinder forming the combustion chamber which is sealed by a head gasket (head). The head provides space for air and fuel intake valves, exhaust valves, and mounts for spark plugs and fuel injectors.
The rate of vibration of sound is called:
frequency
The rate of vibration of sound is called frequency and is measured in hertz (Hz). One hertz is one repetition per second and sounds with high frequency have a higher pitch than sounds with lower frequency. Humans can hear sounds in the range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz.
If the handles of a wheelbarrow are 3 ft. from the wheel axle, what force must you exert to lift the handles if it's carrying a 270 lb. load concentrated at a point 0.5 ft. from the axle?
45 lbs
This problem describes a second-class lever and, for a second class lever, the effort force multiplied by the effort distance equals the resistance force multipied by the resistance distance: Fede = Frdr. Plugging in the variables from this problem yields:
Fe x 3 ft. = 270 lbs x 0.5 ft
Fe = 135 ft-lb. / 3 ft
Fe = 45 lbs
Torque involves a perpendicular force applied to a lever arm that moves around a center of rotation. Increasing the length of the lever arm will do which of the following?
increase torque
Torque measures force applied during rotation: τ = rF. Torque (τ, the Greek letter tau) = the radius of the lever arm (r) multiplied by the force (F) applied. Radius is measured from the center of rotation or fulcrum to the point at which the perpendicular force is being applied. The resulting unit for torque is newton-meter (N-m) or foot-pound (ft-lb).
An element in the physical state of __________ maintains a constant volume but their shape depends upon the shape of their container.
liquid
In the liquid state, molecules flow freely around each other and exist at a higher temperature range than the same substance in a solid state. Liquids maintain a constant volume but their shape depends upon the shape of their container.
If this lever is in equilibrium with an effort force of 10.0 ft. lb. at the blue arrow and a resistance force of 3 ft. lb. at the green box, what is its mechanical advantage?
Mechanical advantage (MA) is the ratio by which effort force relates to resistance force. If both forces are known, calculating MA is simply a matter of dividing resistance force by effort force:
MA = \( \frac{F_r}{F_e} \) = \( \frac{3 ft.}{10.0 ft.} \) = 0.3
In this case, the mechanical advantage is less than one meaning that each unit of effort force results in just 0.3 units of resistance force. However, a third class lever like this isn't designed to multiply force like a first class lever. A third class lever is designed to multiply distance and speed at the resistance by sacrificing force at the resistance. Different lever styles have different purposes and multiply forces in different ways.
Which of the following statements about welding is not true?
no filler metal is required when welding
Welding is a high-temperature process that involves melting the base metals in the objects to be joined to fuse them together. A filler metal is used to provide additional material to make up a joint that, depending on the weld type, can be stronger than the base materials alone. Oxyacetylene welding is a welding process that uses a torch fueled with oxygen and acetylene gases. Electric-arc welding utlizes electric current in a safer welding process (it doesn't involve burning explosive gases) that enables a wide variety of specialized applications like stick, MIG (metal inert gas), and TIG (tungsten inert gas) welding.
Which types of triangles will always have at least two sides of equal length?
equilateral and isosceles
An isosceles triangle has two sides of equal length. An equilateral triangle has three sides of equal length. In a right triangle, two sides meet at a right angle.
Which of the following statements about a triangle is not true?
exterior angle = sum of two adjacent interior angles
A triangle is a three-sided polygon. It has three interior angles that add up to 180° (a + b + c = 180°). An exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the two interior angles that are opposite (d = b + c). The perimeter of a triangle is equal to the sum of the lengths of its three sides, the height of a triangle is equal to the length from the base to the opposite vertex (angle) and the area equals one-half triangle base x height: a = ½ base x height.