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Sample Practice Test Questions

Arithmetic Reasoning

If the ratio of home fans to visiting fans in a crowd is 3:1 and all 38,000 seats in a stadium are filled, how many home fans are in attendance?

28,500

A ratio of 3:1 means that there are 3 home fans for every one visiting fan. So, of every 4 fans, 3 are home fans and \( \frac{3}{4} \) of every fan in the stadium is a home fan:

38,000 fans x \( \frac{3}{4} \) = \( \frac{114000}{4} \) = 28,500 fans.

Mechanical Comprehension
70 lbs. of effort is used by a machine to lift a 350 lbs. box. What is the mechanical advantage of the machine?
5

Mechanical advantage is resistance force divided by effort force:

MA = \( \frac{F_r}{F_e} \) = \( \frac{350 lbs.}{70 lbs.} \) = 5

Mechanical Comprehension

Which of these is the formula for kinetic energy?

\(KE = {1 \over 2}mv^2\)

Kinetic energy is the energy of movement and is a function of the mass of an object and its speed: \(KE = {1 \over 2}mv^2\) where m is mass in kilograms, v is speed in meters per second, and KE is in joules. The most impactful quantity to kinetic energy is velocity as an increase in mass increases KE linearly while an increase in speed increases KE exponentially.

Math Knowledge
30cm

If side x = 12cm, side y = 9cm, and side z = 9cm what is the perimeter of this triangle?

30cm

The perimeter of a triangle is the sum of the lengths of its sides:

p = x + y + z
p = 12cm + 9cm + 9cm = 30cm

Mechanical Comprehension

Which of these will have the most impact on the kinetic energy of an object?

its speed

Kinetic energy is the energy of movement and is a function of the mass of an object and its speed: \(KE = {1 \over 2}mv^2\) where m is mass in kilograms, v is speed in meters per second, and KE is in joules. The most impactful quantity to kinetic energy is velocity as an increase in mass increases KE linearly while an increase in speed increases KE exponentially.

Mechanical Comprehension
0.29 ft. If the green box weighs 20 lbs. and is 1 ft. from the fulcrum, how far from the fulcrum would a 70 lbs. force need to be applied to balance the lever?
0.29 ft.

To balance this lever the torques at the green box and the blue arrow must be equal. Torque is weight x distance from the fulcrum so the equation for equilibrium is:

Rada = Rbdb

where a represents the green box and b the blue arrow, R is resistance (weight/force) and d is the distance from the fulcrum.

Solving for db, our missing value, and plugging in our variables yields:

db = \( \frac{R_ad_a}{R_b} \) = \( \frac{20 lbs. \times 1 ft.}{70 lbs.} \) = \( \frac{20 ft⋅lb}{70 lbs.} \) = 0.29 ft.

Mechanical Comprehension
0.88 If the green box is 8 ft. from the fulcrum and a certain force applied 7 ft. from the fulcrum at the blue arrow balances the lever, what is the mechanical advantage?
0.88

Because this lever is in equilibrium, we know that the effort force at the blue arrow is equal to the resistance weight of the green box. For a lever that's in equilibrium, one method of calculating mechanical advantage (MA) is to divide the length of the effort arm (Ea) by the length of the resistance arm (Ra):

MA = \( \frac{E_a}{R_a} \) = \( \frac{7 ft.}{8 ft.} \) = 0.88

When a lever is in equilibrium, the torque from the effort and the resistance are equal. The equation for equilibrium is Rada = Rbdb where a and b are the two points at which effort/resistance is being applied to the lever.

In this problem, Ra and Rb are such that the lever is in equilibrium meaning that some multiple of the weight of the green box is being applied at the blue arrow. For a lever, this multiple is a function of the ratio of the distances of the box and the arrow from the fulcrum. That's why, for a lever in equilibrium, only the distances from the fulcrum are necessary to calculate mechanical advantage.

If the lever were not in equilibrium, you would first have to calculate the forces and distances necessary to put it in equilibrium and then divide Ea by Ra to get the mechanical advantage.

Shop Information

Inside and outside micrometers measure inside and outside:

diameters

Micrometers measure the diameter of cylindrical objects. Outside micrometers measure the external diameter of cylinders and inside micrometers measure the internal diameter of the cylinder's hole.

Automotive Information

Which of the following maintains pressure in the cooling system?

radiator cap

The radiator is responsible for tranferring heat from the coolant to the outside air. Radiator hoses transfer coolant to and from the engine to the radiator and a radiator cap maintains pressure in the cooling system to increase the boiling point of the coolant mixture and thus allow it to absorb more heat.

Word Knowledge
The promote peace, the diplomat hosted a talk between the warring nations.
advance
To contribute to the growth or prosperity of.