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Mechanical Comprehension

If the green arrow in this diagram represents 420 ft⋅lb of work, how far will the box move if it weighs 140 pounds?

3 ft.

The Law of Work states that the work put into a machine is equal to the work received from the machine under ideal conditions. In equation form, that's:

W_in = W_out
F_effort x d_effort = F_resistance x d_resistance

In this problem, the effort work is 420 ft⋅lb and the resistance force is 140 lbs. and we need to calculate the resistance distance:

W_in = F_resistance x d_resistance
420 ft⋅lb = 140 lbs. x d_resistance
d_resistance = \( \frac{420ft⋅lb}{140 lbs.} \) = 3 ft.

General Science

Examples of primary consumers include:

cows

Primary consumers (herbivores) subsist on producers like plants and fungus. Examples are grasshoppers, cows, and plankton.

General Science

Universal donor blood can be given to a person with any blood type. Which blood type is the universal donor?

O-negative

Blood transfer is limited by the type and Rh factor of the blood. Someone who has Rh-factor negative blood cannot receive blood with a positive type but a person with Rh-factor positive type blood can receive Rh-negative blood. Type O negative blood is the universal donor because it can be given to a person with any blood type. Type AB positive is the universal recipient meaning someone with this blood type can receive any other type of blood.

General Science

Antigens are found on the outside of which blood cells?

red

Blood is categorized into four different types (A, B, AB, and O) based on the type of antigens found on the outside of the red blood cells. Additionally, each type can be negative or positive based on whether or not the cells have an antigen called the Rh factor.

General Science

What is the body's largest artery?

aorta

The aorta is the body's largest artery and receives blood from the pulmonary vein via the left ventricle. From there, blood is circulated through the rest of the body through smaller arteries called arterioles that branch out from the heart. Finally, blood is delivered to bodily tissues through capillaries.

Electronics Information

Which of the following is not a purpose of a resistor in an electrical circuit?

multiply the current in the circuit

Resistors can be chosen in a wide variety of values to control the voltage in a circuit, limit the current, or moderate the heat produced by the components in the circuit.

General Science

The coldest point in the Earth's atmosphere is reached in which atmospheric layer?

mesosphere

In the mesosphere, temperature again drops as altitude increases until the coldest point in the Earth's atmosphere, the mesopause, is reached where temperatures fall to −225 °F (−143 °C).

Arithmetic Reasoning

If \( \left|x + 9\right| \) - 3 = 7, which of these is a possible value for x?

-19

First, solve for \( \left|x + 9\right| \):

The value inside the absolute value brackets can be either positive or negative so (x + 9) must equal + 10 or -10 for \( \left|x + 9\right| \) to equal 10:

x + 9 = 10
x = 10 - 9
x = 1

x + 9 = -10
x = -10 - 9
x = -19

So, x = -19 or x = 1.

Automotive Information

Too much fuel results in a __________ air-fuel mixture that burns quicker and cooler.

rich

The stoichiometric ratio defines the proper ratio of air to fuel necessary so that an engine burns all fuel with no excess air. For gasoline fuel, the stoichiometric ratio is about 14.7:1 or for every one gram of fuel, 14.7 grams of air are required. Too much air results in a lean air-fuel mixture that burns more slowly and hotter while too much fuel results in a rich mixture that burns quicker and cooler.

Mechanical Comprehension

Which class of lever offers no mechanical advantage?

third

A third-class lever is used to increase distance traveled by an object in the same direction as the force applied. The fulcrum is at one end of the lever, the object at the other, and the force is applied between them. This lever does not impart a mechanical advantage as the effort force must be greater than the load but does impart extra speed to the load. Examples of third-class levers are shovels and tweezers.