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Sample Practice Test Questions
A = 5 ft., the green box weighs 50 lbs., and the blue box weighs 80 lbs. What does distance B need to be for this lever to balance?
fAdA = fBdB
For this problem, the equation becomes:
50 lbs. x 5 ft. = 80 lbs. x dB
dB = \( \frac{50 \times 5 ft⋅lb}{80 lbs.} \) = \( \frac{250 ft⋅lb}{80 lbs.} \) = 3.13 ft.
What is work?
The movement of an object by a force
Work is accomplished when force is applied to an object: W = Fd where F is force in newtons (N) and d is distance in meters (m). Thus, the more force that must be applied to move an object, the more work is done and the farther an object is moved by exerting force, the more work is done. By definition, work is the displacement of an object resulting from applied force.
The total water usage for a city is 50,000 gallons each day. Of that total, 32% is for personal use and 59% is for industrial use. How many more gallons of water each day is consumed for industrial use over personal use?
59% of the water consumption is industrial use and 32% is personal use so (59% - 32%) = 27% more water is used for industrial purposes. 50,000 gallons are consumed daily so industry consumes \( \frac{27}{100} \) x 50,000 gallons = 13,500 gallons.
Which of the following is the formula for hydraulic pressure?
P = F/A
Hydraulics is the transmission of force through the use of liquids. Liquids are especially suited for transferring force in complex machines because they compress very little and can occupy very small spaces. Hydraulic pressure is calculated by dividing force by the area over which it is applied: P = F/A where F is force in pounds, A is area in square inches, and the resulting pressure is in pounds per square inch (psi).
According to Boyle's Law, pressure and volume are inversely proportional:
\( \frac{P_1}{P_2} \) = \( \frac{V_2}{V_1} \)
In this problem, V2 = 10 ft.3, V1 = 30 ft.3 and P1 = 6.0 psi. Solving for P2:
P2 = \( \frac{P_1}{\frac{V_2}{V_1}} \) = \( \frac{6.0 psi}{\frac{10 ft.^3}{30 ft.^3}} \) = 18 psi
Ignition timing is measured in number of degrees:
before top dead center
Ignition timing defines the point in time at the end of the compression stroke that the spark plug fires. Measured in number of degrees before top dead center (BTDC), the exact point that the spark plugs initiate combustion varies depending on the speed of the engine. The timing is advanced (the spark plugs fire a few more degrees BTDC) when the engine is running faster and retarded when it's running slower.
What is the mechanical advantage of this inclined plane if the length of the ramp is 24 ft. and the height of the green box is 8 ft.?
The mechanical advantage (MA) of an inclined plane is the effort distance divided by the resistance distance. In this case, the effort distance is the length of the ramp and the resistance distance is the height of the green box:
MA = \( \frac{d_e}{d_r} \) = \( \frac{24 ft.}{8 ft.} \) = 3
The stoichiometric ratio is approximately:
14.7:1
The stoichiometric ratio defines the proper ratio of air to fuel necessary so that an engine burns all fuel with no excess air. For gasoline fuel, the stoichiometric ratio is about 14.7:1 or for every one gram of fuel, 14.7 grams of air are required. Too much air results in a lean air-fuel mixture that burns more slowly and hotter while too much fuel results in a rich mixture that burns quicker and cooler.